Racist and colonial monuments and heritage in Geneva
Racist and colonial monuments and heritage in Geneva is a project and publication promoted by the city of Geneva in Switzerland to document racist and colonial monuments and heritage in the public space of the city.
During the GLAMHack 2023 a challenge was launched to provide better access to the documentation published in the book "Temps, espaces et histoires. Monuments et héritage raciste et colonial dans l’espace public genevois: état des lieux historique" (d:Q122870672).
Challenge number 1 on the website of the GLAMHack 2023 "Tracking down colonial and racist traces in Geneva: create an interactive map of Geneva to track down the racist and colonial traces in the city of Geneva" https://hack.glam.opendata.ch/project/180
This challenge is also connected to challenge number 17 "Creating decolonial Wikimedia page for human exhibitions in 1896 Geneva: In Switzerland, as throughout colonial Europe, fairground "villages" featuring foreigners were a huge popular success" https://hack.glam.opendata.ch/project/200
Phases[edit]
- Creation of the Wikidata item of the publication. d:Q122870672
- Clearing of the rights and open license for the book "Temps, espaces et histoires. Monuments et héritage raciste et colonial dans l’espace public genevois: état des lieux historique" (see below)
- List of names cited in the publication
- Associating the list of names to Wikidata
- Associating the list of locations to Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons
- Iconographic research on Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons
- Iconographic research in the iconographic collection of the Geneva Library
- Adding the publication in "described by source (P1343)" on Wikidata for people and locations
- Creation of new Wikidata items
- Content related to the Swiss national exhibition in Geneva in 1896
Content of the book and link to the Wikimedia projects[edit]
| Session | Names and relevant instittions cited in the publication | Date | Wikidata | Image | Notes | Source added on Wikidata |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Family Bouthillier de Beaumont | de Beaumont d:Q99365098 |  Done - source added
| |||
| 1 | Henri Bouthillier de Beaumont | 1819-1899 | probably not the right person | 
|
discrepancy between the data of death in the book (1899) and on the Biblioteque de Genève (1898) https://bge-geneve.ch/iconographie/personne/henry-bouthillier-de-beaumont. Also the Swiss dictionary says 1898 https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/it/articles/043604/2004-05-06/
Many images in the Bibliothèque de Genève |
Done source added and added also occupation, link to the Société de Géographie de Genève, source from the Swiss dictionary, correct dates of death and description, added image
|
| 1 | Société de Géographie de Genève | d:Q3487957 | Done Added founder Henri Bouthillier de Beaumont
| |||
| 2 | Alfred Bertrand | 1856-1924 | d:Q2834965 | 
|
Many images in the Bibliothèque de Genève | Done - source added
|
| 3 | Ami Butini | 1718-1780 | d:Q122879683 | Plantation proprietor and slave owner
No results in the Bibliothèque de Genève |
Created item on Wikidata
| |
| 4 | Marguerite Dellenbach | 1905-1993 | d:Q42529564 | 
|
Only one image in the Bibliothèque de Genève | Done - source added
|
| 5 | Henri Dunant (ou Henry) | 1828-1910 | d:Q12091 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 6 | Albert de Gallatin | 1761-1849 | d:Q500046 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 7 | Georges Oltramare (Géo) | 1896-1960 | d:Q124570 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 8 | Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi | 1869-1948 | d:Q1001 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 9 | Jean Hüber-Saladin | 1798-1881 | d:Q104411975 | 
|
Info sur https://data.bnf.fr/fr/12399062/jean_huber-saladin/fr.pdf
Several images in the Museum of art and history of Geneva https://www.mahmah.ch/collection/oeuvres/portrait-de-jean-huber-saladin/1926-0066 Written also Jean Huber Saladin |
Done - source added
|
| 10 | Alphonse de Lamartine | 1790-1869 | d:Q188697 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 11 | Paul-Elisée Lullin | d:Q122883248 | Created item on Wikidata
| |||
| 12 | Giuseppe Motta | 1871-1940 | d:Q559892 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 13 | Félix-Roland Moumié | 1925-1960 | d:Q3092350 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 14 | Gustave Moynier | 1826-1910 | d:Q124535 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 15 | Mwambutsa IV Bangiricenge | 1912-1977 | d:Q627267 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 16 | Jacques Necker | 1732-1804 | d:Q123062 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 17 | Jean Peschier | 1735- | ?? 1744 botanico Q21522865 | |||
| 18 | Eugène Pittard | 1867-1962 | d:Q3060102 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 19 | William Emmanuel Rappard | 1883-1958 | d:Q3568899 | .png)
|
Done - source added
| |
| 20 | Henri Rieu | 1721-1787 | ?? | |||
| 21 | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | 1712-1778 | d:Q6527 | .jpg)
|
Done - source added
| |
| 23 | François-Auguste Sautter de Beauregard | 1826-1885 | d:Q122883391 | created item on Wikidata | ||
| 24 | Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde de Sismondi | 1773-1842 | d:Q124073 | .png)
|
Done - source added
| |
| 25 | Germaine de Staël | 1766-1817 | d:Q123041 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 26 | Aimée Stitelmann | 1925-2004 | d:Q78072194 | - | Done - source added
| |
| 27 | Jean-Zacharie Robin | 1723- | - | |||
| 27 | Isaac-Louis Naville | - | ||||
| 28 | Jean Trembley | 1774-1788 | ?? | |||
| 28 | Pierre-Charles Trembley | d:Q110571895 | - | Done - source added
| ||
| 30 | Carl Vogt | 1817-1895 | d:Q76513 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 31 | Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet) | 1694-1778 | d:Q9068 | _en_1718_-_P208_-_Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet_-_2.jpg)
|
Done - source added
| |
| 32 | Woodrow Wilson | 1856-1924 | d:Q34296 | 
|
Done - source added
| |
| 33 | Émile Yung | 1854-1918 | d:Q16219245 | 
|
Done - source added
|
Events[edit]
- Village noire commons:Category:Village Noir in Geneva 1896, d:Q122874350 (see below)
Concepts[edit]
- Colonialism
- History of colonialism
- Slavery
- General
- Racism
- Discrimination
- Resistance
- Science
Locations[edit]
| Session | Location | Wikidata | Coordinates | Wikimedia Commons | Image | Source added on Wikidata | Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rue De-Beaumont | d:Q27670944 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue De-Beaumont (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 2 | Avenue Alfred-Bertrand | d:Q122887777 | ok | - | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel | |
| 2 | Parc Bertrand | d:Q3363791 | ok | Commons:Category:Parc Bertrand | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 2 | Espace de vie enfantine de Bertrand | d:Q123476784 | ok | - | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 3 | Rue Butini (included on Wikidata the mistake) | Q122883164 | - | Commons:Category:Rue Butini (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added (and corrected mistake)
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron |
| 4 | Rue Marguerite-Dellenbach | Q122883911 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Marguerite-Dellenbach | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction |
| 5 | Avenue Henri-Dunant | Q122883959 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue Henri-Dunant (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction (avenue) |
| 5 | École de culture générale Henry-Dunant | d:Q3577841 | ok | Commons:Category:École de culture générale Henry-Dunant | 
|
Quartier de Saint-Jean Charmiles | |
| 5 | Buste d’Henry Dunant | Q122884728 | ok | Commons:Category:Buste d'Henri Dunant (Genève) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Place de Neuve (buste) |
| 6 | Avenue De-Gallatin | Q122883999 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue De-Gallatin (Geneva) | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Saint-Jean Charmilles | |
| 7 | Monument aux victimes de la fusillade du 9 novembre 1932 | d:Q123476894 | ok | Commons:Category:Monument du 9 novembre 1932 à Genève | 
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction, avenue du Mail 27-31 | |
| 8 | Statue du Mahatma Gandhi | d:Q51885453 | ok | Commons:Category:Statue of Mohandas K. Gandhi in Geneva | .jpg)
|
Quartier Pâquis/Sécheron, parc de l’Ariana | |
| 9 | Chemin Hüber-Saladin | d:Q122887792 | ok | - | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Commune de Versoix | |
| 10 | Rue Lamartine | d:Q122887803 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Lamartine, Geneva, Switzerland | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex |
| 11 | Chemin Lullin | d:Q122887816 | ok | - | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Commune de Troinex (chemin) | |
| 11 | Parc Lullin | d:Q123477355 | ok | - | Commune de Genthod (parc) | ||
| 12 | Avenue Giuseppe-Motta | d:Q30032529 | ok | Commons:category:Avenue Giuseppe-Motta (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis/Sécheron |
| 13 | Grand-Rue 4, lieu de l’assassinat de Félix-Roland Moumié | d:Q123478528 | ok | Commons:category:Grand-Rue 4 (Geneva) | 
|
Quartier Eaux-Vives Cité, Vieille-Ville, Grand-Rue 4 | |
| 14 | Rue Gustave-Moynier | d:Q27978549 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Gustave-Moynier (Geneva) | _en_mars_2023.jpg)
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis/Sécheron (rue et parc) |
| 14 | Parc Moynier | d:Q3363869 | ok | Commons:Category:Parc Moynier | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis/Sécheron (rue et parc) |
| 14 | Buste de Gustave Moynier | Q122884773 | ok | Commons:Category:Buste de Gustave Moynier (Genève) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Parc des Bastions (buste) |
| 15 | Sépulture du roi Mwambutsa IV | d:Q123477564 | ok | Commons:Category:Grave of Mwambutsa IV | 
|
Meyrin, cimetière de Feuillasse | |
| 16 | Rue Necker | Q122884026 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Necker (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais |
| 16 | École Necker | d:Q123478459 | ok | Commons:Category:École Necker, Geneva, Switzerland | 
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais | |
| 17 | Avenue Peschier | d:Q27688434 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue Peschier (Geneva) | - | Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 17 | École de Peschier | d:Q123478487 | ok | Commons:Category:École de Peschier (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 18 | Avenue Eugène-Pittard | Q122884073 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue Eugène-Pittard (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 19 | Chemin William-Rappard | d:Q122887827 | ok | - | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Commune de Bellevue (chemin) | |
| 19 | Parc William-Rappard | d:Q3363932 | ok | Commons:Category:Parc William-Rappard | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron (parc et Centre) |
| 19 | Centre William-Rappard | d:Q2944897 | ok | Commons:Category:William Rappard Center, Geneva | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron (parc et Centre) |
| 19 | Buste de William Rappard | Q122884806 | - | Commons:Category:Buste de William Rappard (Genève) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Uni Bastions (buste) |
| 20 | Chemin Rieu | d:Q122887835 | ok | - | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added (we need to add "named after")
|
Quartier de Champel | |
| 21 | Rue Rousseau | d:Q28001336 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Rousseau (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais (rue Rousseau) |
| 21 | Île Rousseau | d:Q1083713 | ok | Commons:Category:Île Rousseau (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Eaux-Vives Cité (île et statue) |
| 21 | Statue de Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Q122885188 | ok | Commons:Category:Statue of Rousseau on Île Rousseau | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Eaux-Vives Cité (île et statue) |
| 21 | Collège Rousseau | d:Q23021520 | ok | Commons:Category:Collège Rousseau (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex (collège) |
| 21 | Rue du Contrat-Social | d:Q122887843 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue du Contrat-Social, Geneva, Switzerland | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Saint-Jean Charmilles (rue du Contrat-Social, sentier du Promeneur-Solitaire, avenue du Devin-du-Village, rue des Confessions) |
| 21 | Sentier du Promeneur-Solitaire | d:Q123477999 | ok | Commons:Category:Parc et sentier du Promeneur solitaire | 
|
Quartier Saint-Jean Charmilles (rue du Contrat-Social, sentier du Promeneur-Solitaire, avenue du Devin-du-Village, rue des Confessions) | |
| 21 | Avenue du Devin-du-Village | d:Q122887849 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue du Devin-du-Village | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Saint-Jean Charmilles (rue du Contrat-Social, sentier du Promeneur-Solitaire, avenue du Devin-du-Village, rue des Confessions) |
| 21 | Rue des Confessions | d:Q122887885 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue des Confessions, Geneva, Switzerland | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Saint-Jean Charmilles (rue du Contrat-Social, sentier du Promeneur-Solitaire, avenue du Devin-du-Village, rue des Confessions) |
| 22 | Mémorial aux victimes du génocide perpétré contre les Tutsis du Rwanda | d:Q123477917 | ok | Commons:Category:Geneva Rwandan Genocide memorial | 
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron | |
| 23 | Rue Sautter | d:Q122887894 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Sautter (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel |
| 24 | Rue Sismondi | d:Q122884091 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Sismondi (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron (rue et collège) |
| 24 | Collège Sismondi | d:Q22678221 | ok | Commons:Category:Collège Sismondi | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron (rue et collège) |
| 24 | Avenue Léonard-Sismondi | d:Q122887869 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue Léonard-Sismondi (Chêne-Bougeries) | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Commune de Chêne-Bougeries (avenue) | |
| 24 | Buste de Sismondi à la Bibliothèque de Genève | d:Q123478609 | - | - | Bibliothèque de Genève | ||
| 24 | Buste de Sismondi au Musée d’art et d’histoire | d:Q123478564 | - | - | Musée d’art et d’histoire (bustes) | ||
| 25 | Rue Madame-de-Staël | d:Q27681789 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Madame-De-Staël, Geneva, Switzerland | 
|
Done - source added
|
Qua]]rtier Grottes Saint-Gervais (rue) |
| 25 | Collège et École de culture générale Madame de Staël | d:Q2983609 | ok | Commons:Category:Collège Madame de Staël | 
|
Done - source added
|
Ville et commune de Carouge (CECG) |
| 26 | École de commerce et de culture générale Aimée-Stitelmann | d:Q123478122 | ok | - | Ville et commune de Plan-les-Ouates | ||
| 27 | Chemin Surinam | d:Q122887860 | ok | Commons:Category:Chemin Surinam | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex |
| 28 | Avenue Trembley | d:Q122884118 | ok | Commons:Category:Avenue Trembley (Geneva) | NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex | |
| 28 | Parc Trembley | d:Q3363921 | ok | Commons:Category:Parc Trembley (Geneva) | .jpg)
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex |
| 28 | École de Trembley | d:Q123478017 | ok | Commons:Category:Écoles Trembley (Genève) | 
|
Quartier Servette Petit-Saconnex | |
| 29 | Rue du Village-Suisse | d:Q122884692 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue du Village-Suisse (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction |
| 30 | Boulevard Carl-Vogt | d:Q36834268 | Done coordinates added
|
Commons:Category:Boulevard Carl-Vogt (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction (boulevard et bâtiment universitaire) |
| 30 | Uni Carl Vogt | d:Q123478637 | ok | Commons:Category:Uni Carl Vogt (Geneva) | 
|
Quartier de Plainpalais Jonction (boulevard et bâtiment universitaire) | |
| 30 | Buste de Carl Vogt | d:Q122884829 | Done coordinates added
|
Commons:Category:Buste de Carl Vogt (Genève) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
|
| 31 | Rue Voltaire | d:Q122884659 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Voltaire (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais |
| 31 | Musée Voltaire | d:Q3152229 | ok | Commons:Category:Voltaire Institute and Museum | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais |
| 31 | Collège Voltaire | d:Q23021523 | ok | Commons:Category:Collège Voltaire (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Grottes Saint-Gervais |
| 32 | Quai Wilson | d:Q28026506 | ok | Commons:Category:Quai Wilson (Geneva) | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron |
| 32 | Palais Wilson | d:Q2333715 | ok | Commons:Category:Wilson Palace | 
|
Done - source added
|
Quartier Pâquis Sécheron |
| 33 | Rue Émile-Yung | Q122884629 | ok | Commons:Category:Rue Émile-Yung (Geneva) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Quartier de Champel (rue) |
| 33 | Buste d’Émile Yung | Q122884929 | - | Commons:Category:Buste d'Émile Yung (Genève) | 
|
NEW Wikidata item Done - source added
|
Uni Bastions (buste) |
Swiss national exhibition in Geneva in 1896[edit]
Phases[edit]
- Checking the existing categories on Wikimedia Commons Category:Exposition nationale 1896, Genève
- Correcting the missing categories: creating the categories, merging existing categories, attributing files realted to the Bibliothèque de Genève
- adding commons:Category:Media contributed by Bibliothèque de Genève about the Exposition nationale 1896
- Bibliothèque de Genève d:Q679689
- Checking articles, categies and wikidata items for all Swiss national exhibitions
- Creating the category and the Wikipedia item for the Village noire
- commons:Category:Village Noir in Geneva 1896,
- Village Noire on Wikidata d:Q122874350
Swiss national exihibtiions[edit]
w:fr:Expositions nationales suisses - Swiss national exhibition, commons:Category:Schweizerische Landesausstellung, d:Q2256530
- Exposition nationale suisse de 1857 à Berne
- Exposition nationale suisse de 1883 (de) à Zurich commons:Category:Landesausstellung 1883, Zürich, d:Q104556011
- Exposition nationale suisse de 1896 à Genève (1er mai - 15 octobre) commons:Category:Exposition nationale 1896, Genève, d:Q115135354
- Exposition nationale suisse de 1914 (de) à Berne commons:Category:Schweizerische Landesausstellung 1914, d:Q1121146
- w:fr:Exposition nationale suisse de 1939 Landi à Zurich commons:Category:Landi 1939, d:Q19721109
- w:fr:xposition nationale suisse de 1964 Expo64 à Lausanne (30 avril - 25 octobre), commons:Category:Expo 1964, d:Q1384641
- w:fr:xposition nationale suisse de 2002 Expo.02 à Bienne, Neuchâtel, Yverdon-les-Bains et Morat (15 mai - 20 octobre) commons:Category:Expo.02, d:Q612071
Village Noir[edit]
Village noire commons:Category:Village Noir in Geneva 1896, d:Q122874350
Clearing of the rights and open license for the book "Temps, espaces et histoires"[edit]
Phases[edit]
- Checking the current rights. The book "Temps, espaces et histoires" indicated the authors Mohamed Mahmoud Mohamedou and Davide Rodogno as copyright owners of the publication (page 4); the city of Geneva commissioned the study and publication. The city of Geneva has obtained the agreement from the authors o produce a map based on the data and content presented in the publication.
- Explaining the necessity and the advantages of open licenses and tools
- Recommendations for future projects
Open licenses and tools[edit]
| Why do we need to use open licenses and tools | Explanation |
|---|---|
| To collaborate with others | If you involve collaborators and volunteers you need to clarify how content will be released and attributed. Collaborative projects are based on open licences and tools. Without an agreement content belongs to each person participating and it can not be used by anyone. |
| To collaborate with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, the Wikimedia projects, OpenStreetMap | To make sure content can take advantage of the infrastructure of existing collaborative projects and the engagement of their communities it is necessary to adopt licenses and tools which are compatible with those websites.
Texts, images, audio files and videos released under the open license CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ (compatible with Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects); data and metadata under the open tool CC0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 (compatible with Wikidata). |
| To participate in an event promoted within the open movment | Collaborative projects organised within the open movement require the production of open content and tools. |
| @ all rights reserved or no license | CC0 | CC BY 4.0 | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Licenses NC and ND |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No uses authorized unless specifically agreed
It is not possible to collaborate with the Wikimedia projects and OpenStreetMap. Content can not be uploaded on open collaborative projects |
This is an open tool, similar to the public domain.
It is the tools recommended to cultural institutions to release images and content under the public domain. It is the relevant tool to be used on content which is not copyrighted (i.e. official documents, information) and for data and metadata. It is the tool used by Wikidata. |
Open license
This is the license recommended for Open Science and content produced by public administrations |
Open license
This is the license of Wikipedia |
Those are not open licenses (according to the declarations of Budapest and Berlin, to open access)
They do not allow content to be uploaded on Wikipedia and the Wikimedia projects |
| What if | Reply |
|---|---|
| If the institution uses an open license it looses control over its content | In any case once content is available online, bad people can do bad things even if all rights are reserved.
The open licenses and tools allow good people to do good things. Without an open license or tool, good people are not authorised to do anything. |
| People modify the content of the book | The publication is recorded with an ISBN (and/or with a DOI) and it is made available in a format which always allows to recognise its original form.
The release of content under an open license and tool only concerns copyright, and the authors still have the option to take action against anyone who uses the work in a libelous way, or in violation of personality rights, trademark restrictions, |
| If I use open licenses and tools which allow commercial use, people will make money with content produced by the institution | One of the major reasons behind open content and open data, it is exactly to provide the possibility for anyone to create new products and services based on content and data publicly funded. Public institutions want to support the economy and the society with content and data they finance.
It is very difficult to define what is commercial and what is not commercial; the use of licences and tools which allow all uses commercial guarantee full uses. With open licenses and tools which allow commercial use, anyone can make commercial uses (develop new products and services, publish content in a book or magazine or schoolbook, uploading content with publicity, using content for an app which requires a payment...); commercial uses are very numerous. Licenses with NC (non commercial restrictions) are not compliant with open access, open data, open science. Licenses with NC provide a monopoly for the copyright holder: only the copyright holder can do commercial uses and this limits uses for anyone else; it can have a use if the copyright holder already makes a lot on money from the commercial use of that content (it is important to consider the amount of profit, once expenses have been removed and to consider the advantages of a free distribution provided by an open licenses without NC restrictions) |
| What if I didn't clarify the rights with the authors | You can always ask the authors to release their content with an open license. You need to request a written permission using a formal model. |
Recommendations for new projects[edit]
| Recommendations | How to do it | Reasons |
|---|---|---|
| Agreement with collaborators for non exclusive full rights to everyone | [to be checked by a lawyer] "Both the collaborator(s) and [name of the institution] have all non exclusive rights of the content and data produced within the collaboration, with the right to sublicense all content and data. In general texts, images, audio files and videos are released under the open license CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ and CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/; data and metadata are released under the open tool CC0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0. | The institution has full rights on the content produced.
The institutions doesn't take away rights to the collaborators (ethical issues). The institutions and the collaborators can both contribute to disseminate and reuse the content produced. |
| Agreeing on the attribution | Content and data are attributed with the formula “name of the collaborators / [name of the institution]”. Whenever possible full credits will be included. | Both the institution and the collaborators are requested to attribute the work.
Even if the attribution is not legally obligatory (i.e. public domain or CC0), all content and data always need to be attributed for ethical reasons but also because the source gives value to data and content and it allows to verify it. |
| Collaborative projects based on open license | Project released under the CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/; data and metadata released under the open tool CC0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0. | Clarify the licenses and tools of content produced within collaborative projects, in particolar if volunteers and communities are involved. This is very important to make sure content can be legally produced collaboratively, to know how you can use derivative works and content and tools produced within collaborative project.
Furthermore this is an ethical issue related to the CARE principles. Without clarifying the licenses with people collaborating on a project, all rights belong to each collaborator (or to their institution if they are employees and working on the project as paid staff). |
| Attribution to all collaborators (paid and volunteers) - Full credits | Attribution: [list of authors in order of contribution]
Credits: page with the description of all authors and their role in order of contribution |
This refers to the Research ethics and integrity. |
| Open data (FAIR data principles) | Authors provide their raw data: notes, images, interviews, tables, databases, recordings... Those data are made available under CC0 and they are provided with different levels of restrictions according to privacy management (in particolar for interviews and personal data). | Research is requested to provide open data to allow others to review and verify its results and to facilitate reuse and further research. It is not sufficient to provide a publication but all the work produced behind a publication. |
| Publishing in the book the open licenses and tools, the attribution and the recommended citation | This work is released under the open license CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ and CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/; data and metadata are released under the open tool CC0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0.
Attribution: “name of the collaborators / [name of the institution]” Recommended citation: [authors], [title], [publisher], [date], ISBN [number], DOI [number], CC BY 4.0 / CC BY-SA 4.0 |
According to the FAIR principles you want to facilitate the reuse of your book, to make it clear to anyone what they can do with it and how to attribute it and cite it. |
| Adding a DOI | Please add a DOI to the publication | DOI are unique identifiers which allows to easily provide metadata associated to that publication |