| content | "<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.26; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Introduction</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Folk, J. (2021, May 19). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Why Anxiety Causes Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) And What To Do.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> AnxietyCentre.com. https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/dry-mouth-anxiety/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">StreamYard. (2021). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How Do I Test My Internet Speed? </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://support.streamyard.com/hc/en-us/articles/360055264412-How-Do-I-Test-My-Internet-Speed-</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Overview of Public Speaking</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dlugan, A. (2007, October 31). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">25 skills every public speaker must have</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/25-skills-every-public-speaker-should-have/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Greene, R. [TEDx]. (2014, November 5). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The 7 secrets of the greatest speakers in history </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0a61wFaF8A</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Murphy, B. (2014, May 1).<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 7 Steps to an Inspiring and Memorable Speech</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Inc. https://www.inc.com/bill-murphy-jr/7-steps-to-an-inspiring-and-memorable-speech.html</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Smith, J. (2013, August 13). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to give a great speech</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jacquelynsmith/2013/08/13/how-to-give-a-great-speech-3/?sh=1e95a3b66961</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Refining Your Topic</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dlugan, A. (2013). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Audience Analysis: A Guide for Speakers. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Six Minutes.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/audience-analysis-worksheet.pdf</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Duarte, Inc. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Audience Needs Map</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. https://www.duarte.com/wp-content/uploads/Duarte-Audience-Needs-Map.pdf</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Toastmasters International. (2012, June 5). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Knowing your audience</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9A80QdJPR9U</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">World report on disability. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241564182</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Writing Your Outline</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bartov, A. (2019). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Public Speaking for Humans. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wikimedia Foundation. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Public_Speaking_for_Humans.pdf</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dlugan, A. (2008, February 29). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Preparation #3: Don’t Skip the Speech Outline.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/speech-preparation-3-outline-examples/=</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Linehan, D. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to Prepare for a Speech (Part 1). Dave Linehan. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://davelinehan.com/how-to-prepare-for-a-speech-1/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mapes, M. (2019). Organizing and Outlining. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speak Out, Call In: Public Speaking as Advocacy.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> University of Kansas Libraries. https://speakupcallin.pressbooks.com/chapter/chapter-6-organizing-and-outlining/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">McMahon, G. (2016, May 22). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Story structure – the hidden framework that hangs your story together</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Presentation Guru. https://www.presentation-guru.com/on-structure-the-hidden-framework-that-hangs-your-story-together/ </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rule of three (writing). (2021, June 4 ). In <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wikipedia. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rule_of_three_(writing)&oldid=1026892146</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Zimmer, J. (2020, June 12). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to write a speech outline.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Manner of Speaking. https://mannerofspeaking.org/2020/06/12/how-to-write-a-speech-outline/</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong> Creating Visuals</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Phillips, D. [TEDx]. (2014, April 14). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to avoid death by Powerpoint </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iwpi1Lm6dFo</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Society for Disabilitiy Studies. (2021). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Accessibility Guidelines for Presentations. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://disstudies.org/index.php/sds-annual-conference/accessibility-guidelines-for-presentations/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TED. (2014, July 15). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10 tips on how to make slides that communicate your idea, from TED’s in-house expert. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://blog.ted.com/10-tips-for-better-slide-decks/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TED. (2019, June 13). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6 dos and don’ts for next-level slides, from a TED presentation expert. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://ideas.ted.com/6-dos-and-donts-for-next-level-slides-from-a-ted-presentation-expert/</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">WC3 Web Accessibility Initiative. (n.d.). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to Make Your Presentations Accessible to All. https://www.w3.org/WAI/teach-advocate/accessible-presentations/</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">WebAIM. (n.d.) </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Contrast Checker</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Delivering Your Talk</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Advice for speakers and sessions. (2021, February 25). In </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wikimedia Meta-Wiki</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Events/Accessibility&oldid=21152578#Advice_for_speakers_and_sessions</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bowden, M. (2020, March 24). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Best Tips for Virtual Presentations with Virtual Keynote Speaker Mark Bowden (Part #1)</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYwN2LFDeFA</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Daly, J. A., Vangelisti, A. L., & Lawrence, S. G. (1989). Self-focused attention and public speaking anxiety. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Personality and Individual Differences</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 10(8), 903-913. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0191886989900251</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dlugan, A. (2012, August 19). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Pauses: 12 Techniques to Speak Volumes with Your Silence.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/pause-speech/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dwyer, K. K., & Davidson, M. M. (2012). Is public speaking really more feared than death?. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Communication Research Reports</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 29(2), 99-107.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ezekiel, R. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Presenting in English when you’re not a native speaker. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Presentation Prep. https://www.presentationprep.com/how-to-present-in-english-non-native-speaker/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ezekiel, R. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Step-by-Step – Presenting Internationally. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Presentation Prep. https://www.presentationprep.com/international-presentations/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Franchetti, S. (2015, June 9). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Public Speaking Tips: Overcome Your Nerves. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Franchetti Communications. https://franchetti.com/public-speaking-tips-overcome-your-nerves/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Greene, R. [TEDx]. (2014, November 5). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The 7 secrets of the greatest speakers in history</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0a61wFaF8A</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hagan, E. (2012, July 10). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The 8 Key Elements of Highly Effective Speech. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/words-can-change-your-brain/201207/the-8-key-elements-highly-effective-speech </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jenkins, J. (2002). A sociolinguistically based, empirically researched pronunciation syllabus for English as an international language. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Applied linguistics</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, 23(1), 83-103. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249238138_A_Sociolinguistically_Based_Empirically_Researched_Pronunciation_Syllabus_for_English_as_an_International_Language</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mapes, M. (2019). Online Public Speaking. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speak Out, Call In: Public Speaking as Advocacy.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> University of Kansas Libraries. https://speakupcallin.pressbooks.com/chapter/chapter-14-online-public-speaking/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">McCusker, C., & Cohen, R. (2021, April 25). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Tower Of Babble: Nonnative Speakers Navigate The World Of 'Good' And 'Bad'. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">NPR. Englishhttps://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/04/25/989765565/tower-of-babble-non-native-speakers-navigate-the-world-of-good-and-bad-english?t=1621422027130</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Morrison, L. (2016, October 31). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Native English speakers are the world’s worst communicators.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> BBC. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20161028-native-english-speakers-are-the-worlds-worst-communicators</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Port, M. (Host). (2015, December 21). Seth Godin on Public Speaking and Performing During High Stakes Situations (No. 57) [Audio Podcast Episode]. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Steal The Show. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Heroic Public Speaking. https://stealtheshow.com/podcast/seth-godin-public-speaking/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TED. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Rehearsals. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://www.ted.com/participate/organize-a-local-tedx-event/tedx-organizer-guide/speakers-program/prepare-your-speaker/rehearsals</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Toastmasters International. (2013, February 13). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Managing Fear</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9A80QdJPR9Uhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1u7THOudfw</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Warner, G., & Cohen, R. (Hosts). (2021, April 21). How To Speak Bad English (Season 5, No. 7) [Audio Podcast Episode]. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Rough Translation</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. NPR. https://www.npr.org/transcripts/989477444</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">WE. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A Road Map to Successful Communication. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://a.storyblok.com/f/52095/x/44888cfdc1/kpmg-workbook-updated.pdf</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Practicing and More Practicing</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dlugan, A. (n.d.). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Critiques</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/video-critiques/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dlugan, A. (2008, January 18). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Analysis #1: How to Study and Critique a Speech. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/speech-evaluation-1-how-to-study-critique-speech/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dlugan, A. (2008, March 9). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Preparation #8: How to Practice Your Presentation</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/speech-preparation-8-practice-presentation/</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>Practicing and More Practicing (continued)</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dlugan, A. (2015, August 18). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How to get Useful Feedback: A Speaker’s Guide. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/feedback-speaker/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fixed and growth mindset. (2021, May 20). In <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wikipedia</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mindset&oldid=1024198874#Fixed_and_growth_mindsets_in_males_vs._females</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Franchetti, S. (2015, October 22). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Elements of a Great Speech. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Franchetti Communications. https://franchetti.com/elements-of-a-great-speech/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gallo, C. (2019, November 18). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Why You Should Practice Your Presentation 10 Times Before Taking Stage</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Inc. https://www.inc.com/carmine-gallo/why-you-should-practice-your-presentation-10-times-before-taking-stage.html</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mapes, M. (2019). Rehearsing Your Presentation. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speak Out, Call In: Public Speaking as Advocacy.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> University of Kansas Libraries. https://speakupcallin.pressbooks.com/chapter/rehearsing-your-presentation/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Port, M. (Host). (2015, December 21). Seth Godin on Public Speaking and Performing During High Stakes Situations (No. 57) [Audio Podcast Episode]. <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Steal The Show.</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Heroic Public Speaking. https://stealtheshow.com/podcast/seth-godin-public-speaking/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TED. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Rehearsals. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">https://www.ted.com/participate/organize-a-local-tedx-event/tedx-organizer-guide/speakers-program/prepare-your-speaker/rehearsals</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Zimmer, J. (n.d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speech Analyses</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Manner of Speaking. https://mannerofspeaking.org/speech-analyses/</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong> Engaging Your Audience</strong></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dlugan, A. (2007, November 2). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Leading the Perfect Q&A. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Six Minutes. http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/leading-the-perfect-qa/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ezekiel, R. (n.d.).<span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Giving a Presentation – Q & A Strategies. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Presentation Prep. https://www.presentationprep.com/q-and-a-strategies/</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Keith, E. (2019, June 12). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The first 5 minutes of a meeting matter the most. This is exactly how you should spend them. </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/first-5-minutes-of-a-meeting-matter-the-most-2019-6?r=DE&IR=T</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Patterson, S. (n. d.). <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Fail-Proof Q&A Prep</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. Duarte. https://www.duarte.com/presentation-skills-resources/fail-proof-qa-prep/</span></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thrive Global. (2020, October 23). </span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Priya Parker’s Top 5 Tips for Leading a Meaningful Virtual Gathering</span><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yLjrYijlIw</span></span></p>" |
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