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Wiki99/music theory

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This is the Wiki99 list for topics about music theory.

About

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Wiki99 is the idea to have a list of about 99 Wikipedia articles which should be translated into as many languages as possible in order to establish common understanding in a field.

If the Wikipedia articles have at least been started, then access them in available languages by clicking through.

Translations start with structured data translation in Wikidata, then proceed to translation of prose in Wikipedia.

Wiki99 list

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Physics of sound

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1frequencynumber of occurrences or cycles per time109Q11652183
2harmonyprocess by which individual sounds are joined together or composed into whole units or compositions61Q18442181
3timbrequality of a musical note or sound or tone, independent of pitch and volume52Q17650141
4overtonecomponent of a wave whose frequency is a multiple of the fundamental frequency33Q11480986
5acousticsAcoustics is the science of mechanical waves in all matter. It examines how sound, vibration, and ultrasound are produced, controlled, and perceived by sensors or living things as they reflect, absorb, and refract through the environment77Q8281171
6intervalphysical quantity; ratio between two sonic frequencies, often measured in cents, a unit derived from the logarithm of the frequency ratio52Q189962133
7rhythmaspect of music78Q17040692
8chordharmonic set of three or more notes64Q17043992
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Music Creation

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1musical instrumentdevice created or adapted to make musical sounds106Q34379173
2singingact of producing musical sounds with the voice85Q27939112
3musicianperson who composes, conducts or performs music82Q639669193
4musical groupmusical ensemble which performs music51Q215380111
5music composingaction or process of creating or writing of music; art of creating music19Q118957637
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659

Music as a discipline

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1music theorystudy of the theoretical aspects of music and its notation52Q193544101
2solmizationsystem associating syllables to musical notes22Q2230642
3conservatoryeducational institution specialized in the study, training and research of music53Q1846447
4rehearsalpractice performance26Q175177541
5musicologyscientific discipline whose content is the practical and theoretical study of music71Q16420481
6music educationfield of study associated with the teaching and learning of music31Q2790861
7solfègesystem of describing and teaching notes of a musical scale42Q1595633
8sight-singingmusic term; reading and performing of a piece of music or song in music notation that the performer has not seen before30Q8822544
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Music Production and Commercial Music

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1record producerindividual who oversees and manages the recording of an artist's music69Q18394581
2recording studiospecialized facility for sound recording43Q6815505981
3albumgrouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the same time with the same title and tracks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)78Q482994151
4concertlive performance of music71Q18283292
5music streaming servicetype of online service for consuming music6Q155903364
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Ancient Music

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1Divje Babe flutealleged bone flute found in Divje Babe Cave23Q1777287111
2Lyres of Urancient musical instruments found in Iraq16Q91605621
3Boethius ♂ (480–524)Roman senator and philosopher of the early 6th century (480–524)67Q102851353
4Pythagoras ♂Greek philosopher and mathematician (c. 570 – c. 495 BC)120Q10261384
5Kassia ♀ (810–865)Byzantine abbess, poet, composer, and hymnographer35Q263592191
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Music Genres

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1pop music (1950–)genre of popular music95Q37073213
2rock music (1948–)popular music genre101Q11399182
3jazz (1917–)musical style and genre107Q8341224
4rappingartistic form of vocal delivery and emotive expression that incorporates "rhyme, rhythmic speech, and [commonly] street vernacular"84Q6010132
5country music (1920–)genre of American popular music76Q83440132
6classical musicbroad tradition of Western art music103Q9730163
7funk (1965–)music genre that emerged in the 1960s, blending soul, jazz, and R&B, known for its syncopated basslines, groovy rhythms, and danceable energy65Q164444122
8gospel musicgenre of music emphasizing Christian lyrics54Q180268122
9reggae (1961–)music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s95Q9794153
10independent musiccollective term for music scene that acts independently of corporate music industry37Q422016
11techno (1984–)genre of electronic dance music57Q17061171
12Hindustani classical musicart music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent27Q17706952
13Ottoman classical musictraditional music of the Ottoman Empire13Q151806331
14Gregorian chantform of song53Q26473121
15bossa nova (1958–)style of Brazilian music58Q4862637
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Western Classical Music Theory

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1scalesuccession of notes organized according to a model in ascending or descending order within an octave65Q17965151
2tempered scalemusical tuning system that divides an octave into 12 evenly-spaced frequencies on a logarithmic scale6Q210875603
3intervalphysical quantity; ratio between two sonic frequencies, often measured in cents, a unit derived from the logarithm of the frequency ratio52Q189962133
4major modemode that is characterized by having a major third in the tonal system34Q587956598
5minor modemode that has as its characteristic a minor third in the tonal system35Q128273918
6voice leadingdecision-making consideration when arranging voices in musical composition11Q20278772
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Western Contemporary Music Theory

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1modeeach of the sequences ordered by the notes within an octave according to the different sequences of tones and semitones46Q73197810
2Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organizationnon-fiction work by George Russell5Q67077078
3diminished triada triad consisting of a root, a minor third, and a diminished fifth; e.g. C–E♭–G♭16Q25855673
4whole tone scalescale in which each note is separated from its neighbors by a whole tone; in 12-tone equal temperament, there are only two complementary whole tone scales25Q84487731
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Western Classical Music Composers

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1Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ♂ (1756–1791)Austrian composer of the Classical period (1756-1791)133Q254648
2Ludwig van Beethoven ♂ (1770–1827)German composer (1770-1827)129Q255647
3Johann Sebastian Bach ♂ (1685–1750)German composer (1685-1750)140Q1339649
4George Frideric Handel ♂ (1685–1759)German-British Baroque composer (1685-1759)104Q7302455
5Franz Schubert ♂ (1797–1828)Austrian composer (1797–1828)105Q7312406
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Western Contemporary Composers

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1George Gershwin ♂ (1898–1937)American composer and pianist (1898–1937)71Q123829546
2Miles Davis ♂ (1926–1991)American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer (1926–1991)77Q93341413
3John Coltrane ♂ (1926–1967)American jazz saxophonist (1926–1967)58Q7346401
4John Williams ♂ (1932–)American composer and conductor (born 1932)68Q131285383
5Hans Zimmer ♂ (1957–)German film composer (born 1957)75Q76364312
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Ottoman Classical Music

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1Ottoman classical musictraditional music of the Ottoman Empire13Q151806331
2Turkish makamsystem of melodic modes used in traditional Turkish music7Q12945574
3çargahmusical modal system in traditional mugham music and one of the seven Dastgāhs of Persian Music5Q64880142
4rastname of a scale in different musical traditions6Q72952372
5yedenleading tone in Ottoman Classical Music1Q1230241144
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Indian Carnatic Music

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1ragamelodic mode in Indian music45Q21692661
2Indian classical musicancient music and music theories from the Indian subcontinent40Q132369851
3Carnatic musicmusic genre originating in southern India29Q9568835
4Charukesi26th raga in the Melakarta7Q352024261
5svaranote in the octave (Indian classical music)12Q73805033
6Kaushiki Chakrabarty ♀ (1980–)Indian classical vocalist16Q2784868152
7Janya ragaIndian melodic mode derived from a raga in the Melakarta6Q353439041
8raga rock (1965–)Microgenre of rock music19Q17029095
9Rashid Khan ♂ (1968–2024)Indian musician17Q4781922221
10talameter, time cycle measure in Indian music19Q18965717
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Instruments

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1piano (1720–)musical keyboard instrument110Q5994174
2guitarfretted string instrument124Q6607245
3violinbowed string instrument111Q8355196
4flutemusical instrument of the woodwind family102Q11405113
5drumtype of musical instrument of the percussion family107Q11404134
6taikoJapanese percussion instruments37Q22176941
7djemberope-tuned skin-covered goblet drum played with bare hands, originally from West Africa40Q53775071
8sitarplucked stringed instrument used in Hindustani classical music60Q22920591
9mbiraAfrican musical instrument of the lamellophone family38Q146796091
10maracapercussion instrument played by holding and shaking in hands45Q3977761
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