Specielle sprogkoder

This page is a translated version of the page Special language codes and the translation is 45% complete.

Other languages:

The language of a Wikimedia wiki can be found in the lang="..." and xml:lang="..." attributes of the <html> element of each page (or other elements for specific subcontents in multilingual pages); they are also used for styling in CSS language selectors. These language codes should generally be canonical language tags as defined by BCP 47.

In most cases, the subdomain names that we use for projects correspond to language codes, but there are some remaining exceptions. This usually occurs for historical reasons, where a valid ISO 639 code (or registered and non-deprecated BCP 47 variant code) was still not available at the time of creation of the project, but also because some former ISO 639 codes where deprecated or removed as they encompassed an group of languages that are now considered distinct.

Deprecated or removed ISO 639 codes are still considered valid in BCP 47 (where existing codes are not removed) most often as possible fallbacks for missing translations or to allow upward compatibility, even if they are no longer recommended for modern use and newly created contents (using these codes can potentially create unsolvable disputes in Wikimedia unless they are distinguished with distinct translations using newer codes). In some cases, some early distinctions in ISO 639 have also been removed because they were introduced artificially for a temporary time (sometimes for non-neutral political reasons) but not well supported by users, and when they unnecessarily complicated the task of translators, or when they too frequently required the use of language fallbacks or automatic transliterators (when a reliable standard and orthographic conventions was adopted between most users of different script variants), or because of development of education for better mutual understanding and acceptation of multiple variants in vernacular use.

Underdomæner der ikke passer med deres `lang` attribut

Underdomæne	Sprog	Projekt(er)	Noter
`als`	Local name: Alemannisch English name: Alemannic Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote	Bruger `gsw` der stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode.
`bh`	Local name: भोजपुरी English name: Bihari Language family: Indo-Aryan	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T41968 stalled Tvetydig ældre kode. Bruger `bho` hvilket stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode for et sprog i familien.
`roa-rup`	Local name: armãneashti English name: Aromanian Language family: Italic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary	Bruger `rup` hvilket stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode.
`simple`	Local name: Simple English English name: Simple English Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary	Bruger `en` for almindelig engelsk.
`zh-classical`	Local name: 文言 English name: Classical Chinese Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia	Classical Chinese has ISO 639-3 code `lzh`.
`zh-min-nan`	Local name: Bân-lâm-gú English name: Minnan Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote, Wikisource	Min Nan has ISO 639-3 code `nan`.
`zh-yue`	Local name: 粵語 English name: Cantonese Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia	Cantonese has ISO 639-3 code `yue`.

Diverse:

Alle underdomæner af wikimedia.org

Subdomains that do not conform to a valid ISO 639 language code

Underdomæne	Sprog	Projekt(er)	Noter
`als`	Local name: Alemannisch English name: Alemannic Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T6793 stalled Alemannic has ISO 639-3 code `gsw`. ISO 639-3 code `als` is assigned to Tosk Albanian instead.
`bat-smg`	Local name: žemaitėška English name: Samogitian Language family: Baltic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T27522 stalled Samogitian has the ISO 639 code `sgs`.
`cbk-zam`	Local name: Chavacano de Zamboanga English name: Chavacano de Zamboanga Language family: Pidgin and Creole	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T124657 stalled Chavacano de Zamboanga has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-3 code `cbk` is assigned to Chavacano, a superset of Chavacano de Zamboanga.
`eml`	Local name: emiliàn e rumagnòl English name: Emilian-Romagnol Language family: Italic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T36217 stalled ISO 639-3 code `eml` for Emilian-Romagnol is now retired and split into `egl` (Emilian) and `rgn` (Romagnol).
`fiu-vro`	Local name: võro English name: Võro Language family: Finno-Permic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T31186 stalled Võro has ISO 639-3 code `vro`.
`iu`	Local name: ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut English name: Inuktitut Language family: Eskimo-Aleut	Wikipedia	ISO 639 considers `iu`/`iku` not a single language, but a macrolanguage comprising `ike` and `ikt`. MediaWiki agrees (see phabricator), but: falls back to `ike`, called `ike-cans`; adds `ike-latn`; has no `ikt` support. CLDR considers Cans an aspirational script.
`ksh`	Local name: Ripoarisch English name: Ripuarian Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia	ISO 639-3 code `ksh` is assigned to Kölsch, a subset of Ripuarian.
`map-bms`	Local name: Basa Banyumasan English name: Banyumasan Language family: Sunda-Sulawesi	Wikipedia	Banyumasan has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-1 code `jv`/`jav` is assigned to Javanese, a superset of Banyumasan.
`nds-nl`	Local name: Nedersaksies English name: Dutch Low Saxon Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia	Duplicated with Low German's `nds`.
`nrm`	Local name: Nouormand English name: Norman Language family: Italic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T25216 stalled Norman has no ISO 639 code as an individual language (However, two dialects of Norman, Guernésiais and Jèrriais, are sharing ISO 639-3 code `nrf`). ISO 639-3 code `nrm` is assigned to Narom language instead. ISO 639-3 lumps Norman with French, as with most varieties of northern France.
`roa-rup`	Local name: armãneashti English name: Aromanian Language family: Italic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T17988 stalled Aromanian has ISO 639-3 code `rup`.
`roa-tara`	Local name: tarandíne English name: Tarantino Language family: Italic	Wikipedia	Tarantino has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-3 lumps it with Italian, as with most varieties of northern Italy.
`sh`	Local name: srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски English name: Serbo-Croatian Language family: Slavic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T127680 stalled `sh` was originally ISO 639-1 code for Serbo-Croatian but is no longer active. However, it remains a valid BCP 47 language tag. There is the ISO 639-3 code `hbs` for Serbo-Croatian. In CLDR aliases, `sh` maps to `sr-Latn`.
`simple`	Local name: Simple English English name: Simple English Language family: Germanic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T110190 stalled Simple English has no ISO 639 code but has a registered IETF variant subtag `simple` However, even if the `simple` code is valid as a standard subtag for BCP 47, because it is only registered as a generic subtag for language variants for various base languages like `en-simple` or `fr-simple` (using the now standard variant subtag is preferable to using multiple subtags including an unregistered private extension, like "en-x-simple"). As a plain tag, "simple" means nothing in BCP 47 or ISO 639 (as it is not a plain language). Note that under ISO 639 rules, Simple English is a variant or dialect or special orthography of English (so it can be registered as a variant subtag of English, like "formal" or informal" used in German or Dutch), defined as a subset for some limited usage. The IANA database for IETF's BCP 47 already indicates this and BCP 47-aware applications should have no problem to identify the language as being part of normal English, as long as it is properly tagged as "en-simple" and not just "simple". Also the content of the Simple English Wikipedia is hard to assess if it is really in "Simple" English or just normal English, as there's NO standard for such "simplication" but only an editorial community decision which is not really enforceable, except for some presentation rules. For example, there does not exist any "Simple English" dictionary, and all "Simple English" users refer to normal English dictionaries. Simple English is only a stylistic decision made by different authors with different preferences or perception of what is "simple" enough for them individually; in fact, even the "Simple English" Wikipedia could be fully integrated within normal English Wikipedia by better classification of its content or by using decicated portals for some public with limited understanding of English, and by making sure the English Wikipedia does not enter into too much complex details without separating them into subpages or detailed sections: it should be possible to describe any topic in simpler terms before using more complex terms that would first be defined, using didactic/pedagogical rules for sorting this content. And there are different view about how to simplify English, depending on the audience (for youth? for non-native speakers? for disabled people? for some specific country? Are simplifications the same in US, Canada, UK, Australia, South Africa or India?).
`zh-classical`	Local name: 文言 English name: Classical Chinese Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T10217 stalled Tracked in Phabricator: Task T30443 stalled Classical Chinese has ISO 639-3 code `lzh`.
`zh-min-nan`	Local name: Bân-lâm-gú English name: Minnan Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote, Wikisource	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T10217 stalled Tracked in Phabricator: Task T30442 stalled Min Nan has ISO 639-3 code `nan`.
`zh-yue`	Local name: 粵語 English name: Cantonese Language family: Sinitic	Wikipedia	Tracked in Phabricator: Task T10217 stalled Tracked in Phabricator: Task T30441 stalled Cantonese has ISO 639-3 code `yue`.

Diverse:

tokipona – defunct Wikipedia subdomain
ru-sib – defunct Wikipedia subdomain, hoax in fictional “Siberian” language
be-x-old – fixed and redirected to be-tarask Wikipedia subdomain (see phab:T11823)

Andre distinktioner

Underdomæne	Sprog	Projekt(er)	Noter
`ak`	Local name: ak English name: Akan Language family: Niger-Congo	Wikipedia; Lukket: Wikibooks, Wiktionary	Er disse to sæt af wikier på samme sprog? Se wikipedia artikel. Note that this situation is quite similar to the artificial distinction between Luxembourgish and Moselle Franconian, or between Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian: they are also clusters of dialects of the same mutually intelligible base language with just minor differences (for terminology choice or their preferred orthography, but multiple orthographies exist for all these dialects). It's hard (and in fact impossible) to make a real distinction at linguistic level, this is purely an ethnopolitical distinction and native speakers in one region going to the other region where the other dialect cluster is referred by a different name will be known there to use the other cluster name and will speak/write without more problems than in their origin ethopolitical community. This adaptation also occurs within each cluster, based on social interaction or level of formality (e.g. in religion, or for prestige, or for vernacular speech and jargons in the street or used by younger or less educated people).
`tw`	Local name: Twi English name: Twi Language family: Niger-Congo	Wikipedia; Lukket: Wiktionary
`de-formal`	Local name: Deutsch English name: German Language family: Germanic	—	Not used as host names but included as pseudo-variant subtags (unregistered) for some translations in translatewiki.net (used in Meta-Wiki for pages like policies when refering directly to wiki users according to their preferences): we should have used a private-use extension
`nl-informal`	Local name: Nederlands English name: Dutch Language family: Germanic	—
`ms`	Local name: Bahasa Melayu English name: Malay Language family: Sunda-Sulawesi	Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wiktionary	Malay language used to be "ms", just like Indonesian language is "id", but since the Malay Wikipedia inception, the code "ms" has become the code for macro language (not individual language). https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ms (639-1) -> Page not found. The page you requested does not exist. For your convenience, a search was performed using the query code ms. https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/may (639-2/B) = https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/msa (639-2/T and 639-3) = Malay (macrolanguage) There are many individual languages under "ms"/"msa", including Indonesian ("id"/"ind"), Banjar ("bjn"), Minang ("min"), three living languages with their own Wikimedia projects, as well as Malay (individual language) ("mly"-Deprecated 2008 or "zlm"-Malay or "zsm"-Standard Malay / Malaysian Malay / Malaysian language)

Technical language code

The special language code qqx can be used to display the ids of all system messages used on a page.

Se også

Underdomæner der ikke passer med deres lang attribut

Subdomains that do not conform to a valid ISO 639 language code

Andre distinktioner

Technical language code

Se også

Underdomæner der ikke passer med deres `lang` attribut