Specielle sprogkoder
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Outdated translations are marked like this.
The language of a Wikimedia wiki can be found in the lang="..." and xml:lang="..." attributes of the <html> element of each page (or other elements for specific subcontents in multilingual pages); they are also used for styling in CSS language selectors. These language codes should generally be canonical language tags as defined by BCP 47.
In most cases, the subdomain names that we use for projects correspond to language codes, but there are some remaining exceptions. This usually occurs for historical reasons, where a valid ISO 639 code (or registered and non-deprecated BCP 47 variant code) was still not available at the time of creation of the project, but also because some former ISO 639 codes where deprecated or removed as they encompassed an group of languages that are now considered distinct.
Deprecated or removed ISO 639 codes are still considered valid in BCP 47 (where existing codes are normally not removed) most often as possible fallbacks for missing translations or to allow upward compatibility, even if they are no longer recommended for modern use and newly created contents (using these codes can potentially create unsolvable disputes in Wikimedia unless they are distinguished with distinct translations using newer codes). In some cases, some early distinctions in ISO 639 have also been removed because they were introduced artificially for a temporary time (sometimes for non-neutral political reasons) but not well supported by users, and when they unnecessarily complicated the task of translators, or when they too frequently required the use of language fallbacks or automatic transliterators (when a reliable standard and orthographic conventions was adopted between most users of different script variants), or because of development of education for better mutual understanding and acceptation of multiple variants in vernacular use.
Underdomæner der ikke passer med deres lang attribut
| Underdomæne | Sprog | Projekt(er) | Noter |
|---|---|---|---|
| als | Local name: Alemannisch English name: Alemannic Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote | Bruger gsw der stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode. |
| be-x-old | Local name: беларуская (тарашкевіца) English name: Belarusian (Taraškievica) Language family: Slavic |
Wikipedia | Uses IETF language tag be-tarask. |
| bh | Local name: भोजपुरी English name: Bihari Language family: Indo-Aryan |
Wikipedia | Bruger bho hvilket stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode. |
| crh | Local name: qırımtatarca English name: Crimean Tatar Language family: Turkic |
Wikipedia | Site code is right, however they use its Latin variant crh-Latn as default language code. |
| roa-rup | Local name: armãneashti English name: Aromanian Language family: Italic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary | Bruger rup hvilket stemmer overens med sprogets ISO 639-3 kode. |
| simple | Local name: Simple English English name: Simple English Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary | Bruger en for almindelig engelsk. |
| zh-classical | Local name: 文言 English name: Classical Chinese Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia | Classical Chinese has ISO 639-3 code lzh. |
| zh-min-nan | Local name: Bân-lâm-gú English name: Minnan Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote, Wikisource | Min Nan has ISO 639-3 code nan. |
| zh-yue | Local name: 粵語 English name: Cantonese Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia | Cantonese has ISO 639-3 code yue. |
Diverse:
- Alle underdomæner af wikimedia.org
Subdomains that do not conform to a valid ISO 639 language code
| Underdomæne | Sprog | Projekt(er) | Noter |
|---|---|---|---|
| als | Local name: Alemannisch English name: Alemannic Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote | Alemannic has ISO 639-3 code gsw. ISO 639-3 code als is assigned to Tosk Albanian instead (see phab:T25215). |
| bat-smg | Local name: žemaitėška English name: Samogitian Language family: Baltic |
Wikipedia | Samogitian has the ISO 639 code sgs (see phab:T27522). |
| cbk-zam | Local name: Chavacano de Zamboanga English name: Chavacano de Zamboanga Language family: Pidgin and Creole |
Wikipedia | Chavacano de Zamboanga has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-3 code cbk is assigned to Chavacano, a superset of Chavacano de Zamboanga. (see phab:T124657) |
| eml | Local name: emiliàn e rumagnòl English name: Emilian-Romagnol Language family: Italic |
Wikipedia | ISO 639-3 code eml for Emilian-Romagnol is now retired and split into egl (Emilian) and rgn (Romagnol). However, eml will remain a valid BCP 47 language tag indefinitely (see phab:T36217). |
| fiu-vro | Local name: võro English name: Võro Language family: Finno-Permic |
Wikipedia | Võro has ISO 639-3 code vro (see phab:T31186). |
| iu | Local name: ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ/inuktitut English name: Inuktitut Language family: Eskimo-Aleut |
Wikipedia | ISO 639 considers iu/iku not a single language, but a macrolanguage comprising ike and ikt. MediaWiki agrees (see phabricator), but: falls back to ike, called ike-cans; adds ike-latn; has no ikt support. CLDR considers Cans an aspirational script. |
| ksh | Local name: Ripoarisch English name: Ripuarian Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia | ISO 639-3 code ksh is assigned to Kölsch, a subset of Ripuarian. |
| map-bms | Local name: Basa Banyumasan English name: Banyumasan Language family: Sunda-Sulawesi |
Wikipedia | Banyumasan has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-1 code jv/jav is assigned to Javanese, a superset of Banyumasan. |
| nds-nl | Local name: Nedersaksies English name: Dutch Low Saxon Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia | Duplicated with Low German's nds. |
| nrm | Local name: Nouormand English name: Norman Language family: Italic |
Wikipedia | Norman has no ISO 639 code as an individual language (However, two dialects of Norman, Guernésiais and Jèrriais, are sharing ISO 639-3 code nrf). ISO 639-3 code nrm is assigned to Narom language instead. ISO 639-3 lumps Norman with French, as with most varieties of northern France (see phab:T25216). |
| roa-rup | Local name: armãneashti English name: Aromanian Language family: Italic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary | Aromanian has ISO 639-3 code rup (see phab:T17988). |
| roa-tara | Local name: tarandíne English name: Tarantino Language family: Italic |
Wikipedia | Tarantino has no ISO 639 code as an individual language. ISO 639-3 lumps it with Italian, as with most varieties of northern Italy. |
| sh | Local name: srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски English name: Serbo-Croatian Language family: Slavic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary | sh was originally ISO 639-1 code for Serbo-Croatian but is no longer active. However, it remains a valid BCP 47 language tag. There is the ISO 639-3 code hbs for Serbo-Croatian. In CLDR aliases, sh maps to sr-Latn (see phab:T127679, phab:T127680). |
| simple | Local name: Simple English English name: Simple English Language family: Germanic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary | Simple English has no ISO 639 code but has a registered IETF variant subtag simple (see phab:T110190) However, even if the simple code is valid as a standard subtag for BCP 47, because it is only registered as a generic subtag for language variants for various base languages like en-simple or fr-simple (using the now standard variant subtag is preferable to using multiple subtags including an unregistered private extension, like "en-x-simple"). As a plain tag, "simple" means nothing in BCP 47 or ISO 639 (as it is not a plain language).Note that under ISO 639 rules, Simple English is a variant or dialect or special orthography of English (so it can be registered as a variant subtag of English, like "formal" or informal" used in German or Dutch), defined as a subset for some limited usage. The IANA database for IETF's BCP 47 already indicates this and BCP 47-aware applications should have no problem to identify the language as being part of normal English, as long as it is properly tagged as "en-simple" and not just "simple". Also the content of the Simple English Wipedia is hard to assess if it is really in "Simple" Englosh or just normal English, as there's NO standard for such "simplication" but only an editorial community decision which is not really enforceable, except for some presentation rules. For example, there does not exist any "Simple English" dictionary, and all "Simple English" users refer to normal English dictionaries. Simple English is only a stylistic decision made by different authors with different preferences or perception of what is "simple" enough for them individually; in fact, even the "Simple English" Wikipedia could be fully integrated within normal English Wikipedia by better classification of its content or by using decicated portals for some public with limited understanding of English, and by making sure the English Wikipedia does not enter into too much complex details without separating them into subpages or detailed sections: it should be possible to describe any topic in simpler terms before using more complex terms that would first be defined, using didactic/pedagogical rules for sorting this content. And there are different view about how to simplify English, depending on the audience (for youth? for non-native speakers? for disabled people? for some specific country? Are simplifications the same in US, Canada, UK, Australia, South Africa or India?). |
| zh-classical | Local name: 文言 English name: Classical Chinese Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia | Classical Chinese has ISO 639-3 code lzh (see phab:T10217, phab:T30443). |
| zh-min-nan | Local name: Bân-lâm-gú English name: Minnan Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote, Wikisource | Min Nan has ISO 639-3 code nan (see phab:T10217, phab:T30442). |
| zh-yue | Local name: 粵語 English name: Cantonese Language family: Sinitic |
Wikipedia | Cantonese has ISO 639-3 code yue (see phab:T10217, phab:T30441). |
Diverse:
- tokipona – defunct Wikipedia subdomain
- ru-sib – defunct Wikipedia subdomain, hoax in fictional “Siberian” language
- be-x-old – fixed and redirected to be-tarask Wikipedia subdomain (see phab:T11823)
==
Andet
==
| Underdomæne | Sprog | Projekt(er) | Noter |
|---|---|---|---|
| ak | Local name: Akan English name: Akan Language family: Niger-Congo |
Wikipedia; Lukket: Wikibooks, Wiktionary |
Er der to wikipediere på samme sprog? Se wikipedia artikel. Note that this situation is quite similar to the artificial distinction between Luxembourgish and Moselle Franconian, or between Serbian, Croation and Bosnian: they are also clusters of dialects of the same mutually intelligible base language with just minor differences (for terminology choice or their preferred orthography, but multiple orthographies exist for all these dialects). It's hard (and in fact impossible) to make a real distinction at linguistic level, this is purely an ethnopolitical distinction and native speakers in one region going to the other region where the other dialect cluster is refered by a different name will be known there to use the other cluster name and will speak/write without more problems than in their origin ethopolitical community. This adaptation also occurs within each cluster, based on social interaction or level of formality (e.g. in religion, or for prestige, or for vernacular speech and jargons in the street or used by younger or less educated people). |
| tw | Local name: Twi English name: Twi Language family: Niger-Congo |
Wikipedia; Lukket: Wiktionary | |
| de-formal | Local name: Deutsch English name: German Language family: Germanic |
— | Not used as host names but included as pseudo-variant subtags (unregistered) for some translations in translatewiki.net (used in Meta-Wiki for pages like policies when refering directly to wiki users according to their preferences): we should have used a private-use extension |
| nl-informal | Local name: Nederlands English name: Dutch Language family: Germanic |
— |
Se også
- Sprogkode (på MediaWiki)
- Sprogkoder (på denne Meta-Wiki)
- Chapters per Wikimedia language
- Tabel over Wikimedia-projekter
- Phabricator task T21986: “Wikis waiting to be renamed (tracking)”
- Phabricator task T44396: “Duplicate/invalid language codes in Wikidata”
- CLDR language code aliases and Wikimedia codes missing